From Genesis to Deuteronomy: Thoughts on the Old Testament Thus Far

When I was fifteen, I began my ten-week Driver’s Education class at my high school.  Some students were blasé about the whole thing, some were nervous, some were excited.  I was petrified that I would fail and never get my license.

One of the first things our teacher—also one of the PE teachers—did was hand out driver manuals.  This, he told us, in a very serious voice, is what you need to know to not only pass your driver’s tests but also to be a good and conscientious driver.

I studied it, and months later, I passed my written as well as behind-the-wheel test.  The first six months or so of my driving, I was terrible, often distracted by the radio or really anything else.  I eventually got a bunch of experience and became a good driver.

And like most drivers—both good and bad—I could tell you the important rules from the driver’s manual but not every single one.  I retained the ones that “mattered” and discarded the rest.

It’s hard not to see this same type of thing happen with the Bible and its devotees—even its well-meaning devotees.

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy contain so many useful lessons and some remarkable stories, ones that are worth reading and retelling.  This is why so many people (I’m guessing) embrace the Bible.  The issue, for me, is when people rely on the Bible, they probably only recall the parts that stick out, the “important” parts. But these parts are set within and against a lot of shaky parts, parts that would probably give a person pause if he or she were told (or reminded) of them. For this reason, I still find it difficult to overlook them when people use the Bible as justification.

One thing I skipped in my earlier posts is mention of a concept that surfaces in Numbers: the Nazirite. This was a process by which an individual could be voluntarily separated from the Lord.  When said person decided to return to the fold, he made a series of offerings (Numbers, 6:13-15).

I had no idea that people could take a sabbatical from the lord. (Apparently this idea is explored in depth later in the Bible.)  I find the whole idea fascinating, for this policy suggests that questioning beliefs is welcomed. For if not, why allow it and why allow someone to return?  Therefore, there must be deep faith in the Lord’s teachings.

This makes me think of what the Amish encourage with their period between childhood and adulthood, called Rumspringa. (You can read more about here: http://www2.etown.edu/amishstudies/Rumspringa.asp).  In that culture, this period allows individuals to choose what they believe, and after experiencing (sometimes) outside influences, the individual decides what to believe.  Apparently, this confirms their traditional beliefs, probably because they are afforded freedom, not coerced into believing.

This seems like a good lesson, something the mention of the Nazirite practice echoes.

Perhaps if more people were encouraged to explore more and arrive at their own ideas—rather than carrying on what they were raised to be—people would be more inclined to adopt a stronger organized faith? It might also allow for some of what is written here to be adjusted to fit to a modern culture.  After all, we don’t still stone people (do we?), so why still cling to so many other outdated rules (such as those related to homosexuals or merely people who choose to live differently than most (transvestites, etc.)?

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The Old Testament: Deuteronomy IV – Reflecting on the Death of Moses

A typical action movie stereotype involves the hard-nosed character (usually a man) who was a reluctant recruit to a particular journey/quest.  Said character has to be roped into joining what he considered to be a hopeless, pointless, usually-suicidal quest.  He’ll pass, thank you.  But we need you, they plead. So he tags along, eventually leads the way, proves pivotal to their survival, until they are about to reach their goal (or escape) and he gets wounded.  He can’t continue; he’ll never make it. But he can stay behind to protect anything coming the group’s way one last time.  Their last scene shows them watching the group leave without him.

Moses is this character (as seen from Exodus through Numbers), and in Deuteronomy he gets his final scene, watching from a mountaintop as the tribes of Israel enter the Promised Land (from which, because of them he was not allowed to enter).

It’s hard to feel good about seeing his sorrow at having endured so much with the Israelites (and on their behalf) and be deprived of entering the Promised Land. It’s also appreciated that he reminds the tribes (over and over in Deuteronomy) that they are the reason he has been punished in this way. They don’t even seem apologetic.

Though in some ways, this is a fitting close to this section of the Bible—this is not happy ending, just a pause until things (presumably) go wrong again for the Israelites—we’re giving more hints that they will drop the ball than a poorly written horror film uses the soundtrack to tell you someone is about to die.

What’s the old expression, those who forget history are doomed to repeat it? The pattern established by the Bible thus far suggests that things will go wrong, and quickly.

Next up: Joshua.  I can’t wait to see how much fun he has taking over for Moses. New, inexperienced leader in charge of a mass of people finally settled in a new land? I can’t imagine what would go wrong.

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The Old Testament: Deuteronomy III – Divorcing, Raping and Enslaving: Fun for Women in Deuteronomy

Last year’s heartwarming story about Rep. Todd Akin (R-MO) who finally cleared up the issue of legitimate versus illegitimate rape for everyone understandably incensed a number of people.  But before people could right off the completely misguided opinions of this man, rep. Phil Gingrey (R-Ga) suggested that Akin was “partly right” about his ideas of rape.  (You could read more about this here: http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-34222_162-57563531-10391739/rep-gingrey-akin-partly-right-about-legitimate-rape/)

These idiots must LOVE Deuteronomy.

First up—Divorce

Since women lacked a voice here, it appears that men were the only ones who might consider wanting to divorce a spouse.  But this was not so easily achieved. Such a man apparently had two avenues by which to dissolve his union.

The first way would be to accuse his wife of lying about being a virgin before their marriage. If this could be proven—her parents would need to produce “the cloth” (which is presumably from the marriage bed containing her blood?) (22:17)—she’d be fine.  If not, she’d be in trouble. But if this were deemed a scheme, the man would be stoned.

Second, if she becomes “displeasing” to him (24:1) he can write her a certificate of divorce and send her on her way.  The fun fine print is if she gets remarried, again gets divorced, the first husband cannot remarry her because she’s been “defiled” (24:4). No word on what happened if the wife was the unhappy one.  Still, men were supposed to be left alone during their first year of marriage so they could spend their time making their wife happy (24:5). So there was that.

Second up—spoils of war

Turns out, if the lord allows you to decimate a town, and within that town a woman among them catches your eye, you may take her, bring her home, shave her head, allow her to mourn her killed parents (for a month) and then marry her.  However, should a man not be pleased with her, he can turn her out; yet he can’t sell her, since, you know, he did defile her (21:10-14). Where’s she supposed to go?

Last but not least–Rape

If you think women today get shafted when it comes to rape, wait for this.

If a man approached a betrothed woman in a city and sleeps with her (presumably by force), they would BOTH be stoned.  Given that they were in a city, she clearly could have yelled or put up more of a fight.  Screams would have brought help.  And since she didn’t call for it, she must have wanted it (22:23-24).

So it appears to be lucky if you were a woman who was raped in the countryside, for there, few people would be able to hear you if you screamed, so then the man who raped you would only be stoned (22:27).

But perhaps the real prize comes if the rape involves an unpledged female and he is caught in the act.  If so, he had to pay her father fifty shekels of silver, was forced to marry her, and then—the true penalty!—never be able to divorce her (22:28-29).  Ah, that will teach him a lesson! Why care about divorcing her if he can just go out and rape more women?

Is it any wonder that some conservatives who use the Bible to justify their ideas exhibit such disrespect for women? Is it any accident that these same people are so anti-gay in general and against gay marriage in general? Why not, the Bible makes clear what is allowed and disallowed.

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